A Systematic Review on the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Inguinal Hernias

The recurrence rate in patients who undergo surgery for abdominal wall hernias (AWHs) is high. AWHs have been hypothesized to be a disease of the extracellular matrix, which supported by evidence showing high incidence with connective tissue disorders. This study aimed investigate most recent literature studies describing levels several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) blood and fascia, objective better clarifying pathogenetic role their inhibitors inguinal (IHs). A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web Science electronic databases identify eligible studies. identified were included analysis, qualitative synthesis results provided describe findings. Seventeen included. An association between MMP-2 direct IHs has also demonstrated. MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-12, MMP-13 increased both serum fascia IHs. analysis showed an increase (TIMPs), specifically TIMP-1 IHs, particularly hernias, reduction TIMP-2 biopsy samples transversalis fascia. In contrast, reported only Metalloproteinases play crucial pathogenesis other molecules, such as TIMPs or correlation specific genes, enhancing our understanding pathophysiology However, more prospective studies, including comprehensive clinical laboratory data collection, are required confirm relationship studied biomarkers risk